Balloon girdle



$41.9, 1945. K. M. MCLELLAN BALLOON GIRDLE Filed Jan. 21, 1944 INVENTORKenneth, M.M L sllan atented ct. 2 i

essence non can Kenneth M. Mclilellan, Lakewood, @hio, assignor toindustrial Rayon (Corporation Cleveland, @hio, a corporation of DelawareApplication January 21, 1944, serial No. 519,133

Bfllaims. (El. 57-168) This invention relates to the twisting of yarnsameters than the corresponding circular orbits or threads and itprovides a method and appaof maximum ballooning diameters, the balloonof ratus for restricting the ballooning of yarn or the thread beingsubjected to no other confining thread in the course of the twistingoperation. action.

In the twisting of yarn or thread it is custom- 5 The invention will bemore fully described by ary to feed the yarn or thread through asuitreference to the accompanying drawing which able guide such as, forexample, a pigtail guide shows the application of one embodimentof theto a rotating collecting package, the rotation of invention to a captwister although it is to be the package being such that the yarn when001- understood that the invention is not to be limlected thereon willbe twisted. The twisting opited to this embodiment. In the drawing,erations are usually carried out at relatively high Figure 1 is anelevation of a. plurality of cap- -speeds with the result that the yarnin passing twisting units to which thread is supplied by a from theigtail guide to the collecting package thread-advancing, threadstoredevice;

will be subjected to centrifugal action which Figure 2 is a plan view ofone twisting unit causes the yarn to balloon. This ballooning a ng theline 2 of re 1 howing the poaction is not too objectionable if themaximum disition of the balloon restraining girdle with reameter of theballoon remains relatively small. spect to the cap twis r;

However, if the balloon diameter is of substan- Figure 3 is aperspective view of the balloon tial size, the amount or space requiredby any r r ini irdle tse fm d one collecting package used in thetwisting op- Figures 4 and 5 are diagrammatic represenoration will beexcessive. From the standpoint of t t n 0f th balloon p phe i wi h andWitheconomy in space, it is desirable tocondu'ct the out the balloonrestraining girdle of the inventwisting operations by having thetwisting spintion. Referring to the drawing, the cap-twisting dles uponwhich the collecting packages are units illustrated inFigure 1 representa fragmenmounted as close together as possible without tary P n 0f thecap-tw ting section of a mainterferlng with the efllciency of theoperation. chine for producing rayon by the continuous proc- To achievethis objective, therefore, it is imporesses as shown and described, forexample, in tent to keep the maximum balloon diameter as 4 1?- T n nceet all-Patent No. 2,284,4 in small as practicable. In general, anincrease in which ray y is pplied to the cap twister the weight ordenier of the yarn being twisted to by means of a thread-advancing reelsuch, for will tend to increase the ballooning eiiect. p as that Shownand described in With the method and apparatus of this inven- Kne s h,Patent No. 2,21 14, or Jordan Pattion, excessive ballooning of yarn orthread in out No. 2,210,920. A cap member I is mounted the twistingoperation can be readily prevented. on a fixed spindle 2 extending throgh a trav- The apparatus of the invention is of simple con- 6 e rlifting rail 31% Which is rigidly struction, doesnot interfere with thenormal opsecured to the base member 3. A pulley 4 is eratlon of thetwisting a paratus and permits mounted in a. suitable manner on thelifting rail ready access to the thread or yarn in the event 30 torotate about spindle 2. The pulley may of a break or stoppage. Theseresults are have a sleeve extension or similar means upon achievedwithoutimposing any undue frictional 40 whi h the p l r bobbin 5 willfit so that it resistance upon the yarn being twisted. 1 will-rotatewith the pulley. The lifting rail 3a It has been observed that when thecollecting moves the rotating bobbin into and out of the cap package forthe twisted yarn is relatively empty, I as yarn uppl d y m ans of thethread-adthe maximum ballooning diameter of the yarn vancing reel 6 isled through a pigtail guide 1 will be found in a certain plane and thatwhen 4 to the bobbin. v

the collecting 'package is substantially full the Due to the rapidrotation of the bobbin the maximum ballooning diameter will be found inthread balloons around the cap as illustrated, for a diflerent plane.Inaddition, the latter balloonexample, in Figures 4 and .5. Asthereshown, ing diameter may or may not be the same as the the y r t nhe Pi t il uide I and the former. The method of controlling ballooningin lower edge of cap I assumes the various transiaccordance with thisinvention embraces the tional ballooning contours shown by the lines 0,steps of determining the location of these planes d, e, and f. Contourcis attained when the boboi mammum ballooning diameters and then conbinon which the thread is being collected is fining the thread insubstantially each of these substantially empty. As the bobbin is beingplanes to generally circular orbits of smaller difilled, the ballooningcontour changes to that shown by curves d and e, respectively, andfinally assumes that shown by curve J when the bobbin is substantiallyfull of twisted yarn. The maximum ballooning diameter when the bobbin issubstantially empty occurs in a plane passed horizontally through theline AA; the maximum ballooning diameter when the bobbin issubstantially full occurs ata higher level in a plane passedhorizontally through the line BB.

The balloon restraining girdle of the invention restricts the orbit ofthe balloon in the horizontal planes at the levels indicated by lines AAand BB. stantially circular rings I and II having diameters such thatthe ballooning will be restricted the desired amount. Attached to eachof the rings are extension members 13 (see also Figs. 2 and 3) which arethreaded at their ends. The threaded portions are passed through theseparating shields 8 between adjacent cap-twisting units and are securedto these shields by means of nuts [3a.

The rings in and H are joined at spaced intervals around theircircumferences by outwardly curved arcuate members l2. The rings areopen at I5 and one pair of the ends of the rings is joined together atIE to form an outwardly curved lip 14. The opening l5 permits theoperator to remove yarn freely from within the girdle or to insert ittherein. The opening is relatively small and has no adverse effect onthe yarn which is being twisted.

The efiect of the two rings composing the girdle on the ballooning ofthe thread is shown at the right side of Figure 5. As the bobbin onwhich the yarn is being collected passes from the substantially empty tothe substantially full stage, the ballooning contour of theyarn changesfrom that shown by curve 9 to that shown by curves h and i and finallyassumes that shown by curve 7'.

The ballooning range indicated by the lines AA and BB will, of course,vary depending upon the nature of the material being twisted, theconditions of twisting, etc. As a consequence, the spacing of the ringsof the balloon girdle may require adjustment in order to achieve theirgreatest effectiveness in a particular twisting operation.

The wear on the rings of the girdle may sometimes be unequal. It will benoted from Figure 1, however, that the girdle members are mounted on theseparating shields 8 of adjacent captwisting units in such a manner thatthe extensions I3 attached to each of the rings are always above orbelow the extension members of the girdle in the adjoining compartment.As a re- This girdle is composed of two subsult, the girdle may beturned over or reversed in the event of a change in twisting direction,or uneven wear of its rings thereby extending its usefulness.

- It may be desirable to have one of the girdle rings of a greaterdiameter than the other in order to equalize wear on the ring membersand to otherwise facilitate operations. The rings themselves may be madeor any suitable material which does not have an adverse abrading actionon the yarn with which it comes into contact.-

The ends of the rings adjacent to the opening ll need not be joinedtogether by means of a curved member I! but may instead be left free. Insuch case, however, it is desirable to curve the ends so as tofacilitate introduction of yarn into the rings.

Reference to yarn in the specification and claims is intended to includegenerally any filamentous material which ma besubiected to a twistingoperation such as, for example, thread or thread-like materials,ribbons, thin bands, etc.

Since, in general, only two rings are required in the girdle, thedesired balloon restraining action may be accomplished with a minimumamount of friction between the girdle and the yarn being twisted.

Although the foregoing description of the invention has reference to theuse of the balloon girdle in connection with a cap twister, it is to beunderstood that the invention may also be used in connection with othertypes of twisting operations such as, for example, ring twisting, uptwisting, down twisting, etc.

I claim:

1. A balloon restraining girdle comprising at least two substantiallycircular co-axial rings spaced one above the other to cover a rotatingyarn ballooning range, said rings having openings one above the other,one set of ends of said, rings being joined forming an outwardlyextending lip tangent to said rings, a plurality of outwardly curvedsupporting members joining said spaced rings, and elongated membersprojecting from each of said rings in substantially the planes of saidspaced rings.

2. A balloon restraining girdle comprising at least two substantiallycircular co-axial rings spaced apart to cover a rotating yarn ballooningrange, said rings having peripheral openings one above the other, a pairof extension members attached to each of said rings, the pair ofextension members attached to one ring extending in a direction oppositeto that of the extension members attached to the other ring.

, 3. A cap-twisting assembl comprising a plurali-ty of cap-twistingunits each of which includes a thread guide, a cap and a rotating yarncollecting means, separating shields between said twisting units, aballoon restraining girdle positioned around but spaced from said cap,said girdle consisting of at least two spaced substantially circularrings, said rings having peripheral openings one above the other, eachof said rings also being provided with a pair of extension members, thepair of extension members on one ring projecting in a direction oppositeto that of the extension members of the other ring, the ends of saidextension members being secured to said separating shields.

ENNETH M. McLEiLAN.

